What is the leading cause of bradycardia for pediatric patients?
What is the leading cause of bradycardia for pediatric patients?
The most common cause of bradycardia in children and teenagers is sinus bradycardia. This simply means that the sinus node is firing at a slow rate. Most of the time sinus bradycardia is a normal physiologic response. For example, a healthy, well conditioned athlete may have a slow resting heart rate.
What Causes bradycardia in infants?
The primary cause of neonatal bradycardia is hypoxia. Other causes of bradycardia in this age group include hypothermia, hypovolemia, and pneumothorax, head injury, and medications.
What is considered bradycardia in pediatrics?
For the purpose of this topic review, we define bradycardia as a heart rate measured in the awake state that is below the normal range for age (ie, <100 beats per minute [bpm] for infants, <80 bpm for toddlers and young children, <70 for school age children, and <60 for adolescents).
What is the most common cause of bradycardia?
Typical heartbeat Bradycardia can be caused by: Heart tissue damage related to aging. Damage to heart tissues from heart disease or heart attack. A heart disorder present at birth (congenital heart defect)
What might be a common non cardiac cause of bradycardia in pediatric patients?
Non-cardiac problems that are the main cause of secondary bradycardia include hypoxia, acidosis, hypotension, hypothermia, and medication/drug side effects.
What happens when baby has low heart rate?
In severe cases of sustained low heart rate, bradyarrhythmia can be life-threatening, putting the fetus at risk of non-immune hydrops (excess fluid in multiple areas of the body) and heart failure. Generally the slower the fetal heart rate, and the earlier it occurs in pregnancy, the worse the outcome for the fetus.
What Causes bradycardia in toddlers?
Secondary sinus bradycardia is caused by something outside of the heart. This is seen most commonly in infants and babies, especially premature babies. Problems such as gastroesophageal reflux, apnea, or immature breathing control can stimulate a large nerve called the vagus nerve.
Does hypoxia cause bradycardia?
Cellular hypoxia Cellular hypoxia (usually due to ischemia) depolarizes the membrane potential causing bradycardia. Without adequate oxygen, ATP dependent ion pumps in the cell membrane cannot operate.
What does bradycardia look like on an ECG?
Sinus bradycardia occurs on an ECG when there is a normal upright P wave in lead II ― sinus P wave ― preceding every QRS complex with a ventricular rate of less than 60 beats per minute.
What deficiency causes low pulse?
Conditions that can slow electrical impulses through the heart. Examples include having a low thyroid level (hypothyroidism) or an electrolyte imbalance, such as too much potassium in the blood.
When should you use pediatric bradycardia with a pulse algorithm?
The systematic approach algorithm is used to direct the care of the critically-ill or injured child. However, once it is recognized that an infant or child is experiencing symptomatic bradycardia, the PALS bradycardia algorithm is used to simplify and streamline the evaluations and interventions to be carried out.
What is the most common cause of bradycardia in children?
Heart tissue damage related to aging
What are the main causes of bradycardia?
Bradycardia can be caused by: Heart tissue damage related to aging Damage to heart tissues from heart disease or heart attack Heart disorder present at birth (congenital heart defect) Infection of heart tissue (myocarditis) A complication of heart surgery Underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism)
What medicines can cause bradycardia?
Bradycardia can occur with toxic levels of certain drugs, such as digoxin ( Lanoxin) and narcotics. Also, bradycardia sometimes is a side effect of certain medications, including propranolol ( Inderal ), atenolol ( Tenormin ), metoprolol (Toprol-XL), sotalol ( Betapace ), verapamil (Calan, Isoptin, Verelan) and diltiazem ( Cardizem, Dilacor-XR).
How to improve bradycardia?
Walking. Treat walking as cardiovascular exercise for the treatment of bradycardia.