What is pendular reflex?
What is pendular reflex?
an abnormal patellar reflex observed in patients with a lesion of the cerebellum, in which the leg continues to move several times after the initial reflex.
What happens in the patellar reflex?
knee-jerk reflex, also called patellar reflex, sudden kicking movement of the lower leg in response to a sharp tap on the patellar tendon, which lies just below the kneecap. In reaction these muscles contract, and the contraction tends to straighten the leg in a kicking motion.
What is a pathological reflex definition?
Pathologic reflexes (eg, Babinski, Chaddock, Oppenheim, snout, rooting, grasp) are reversions to primitive responses and indicate loss of cortical inhibition. Babinski, Chaddock, and Oppenheim reflexes all evaluate the plantar response. The normal reflex response is flexion of the great toe.
What causes abnormal reflex?
The most common cause of low reflex response is peripheral neuropathy. Diabetes, anemia, and vitamin deficiency are possible causes of absent reflexes. However, the conditions don’tcause brisk reflexes. If your doctor suspects a neurological disorder, they will order more tests.
What is a knee jerker?
You experience a knee jerk when your doctor taps your knee with a rubber mallet and your leg automatically kicks out. This figurative meaning of knee jerk came from the physical reflex — which is called a “patellar reflex” by doctors, and which was discovered and named in the 1870’s.
What are Polysynaptic reflexes?
Polysynaptic reflex channels are directed particularly toward flexor (withdrawal) responses through one or more interneurons to produce coordinated patterns of muscle activity to remove a portion of the body from a potentially damaging or offending stimulus.
What nerve is tested in patellar reflex?
The patellar reflex is a deep tendon reflex, mediated by the spinal nerves from the levels L2, L3, and L4 in the spinal cord, predominantly in the root L4.
What is Brown Séquard syndrome?
Brown-Séquard syndrome is a rare spinal disorder that results from an injury to one side of the spinal cord in which the spinal cord is damaged but is not severed completely. It is usually caused by an injury to the spine in the region of the neck or back.
What happens plantar reflex?
The plantar reflex is a reflex elicited when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt instrument. The reflex can take one of two forms. In healthy adults, the plantar reflex causes a downward response of the hallux (flexion).
Why do doctors hit your knee with a hammer?
A reflex can be decreased or absent if there is a problem with the nerve supply. To test your reflexes, your doctor will use a rubber hammer to tap firmly on the tendon. If certain reflexes are decreased or absent, it will show what nerve might be compressed.
What is a Suprasegmental lesion?
These usually indicate an interruption of corticospinal and other descending pathways that influence the reflex arc due to a suprasegmental lesion, that is, a lesion above the level of the spinal reflex pathways.
What does Pendular knee jerk reflex mean?
an irregular knee-jerk reflex seen in clients with a lesion of the cerebellum, wherein the leg keeps moving frequently following the original reflex. PENDULAR KNEE JERK: “I was concerned however when the patient exhibited pendular knee-jerks.”.
What is the difference between deep tendon reflex and pendular reflexes?
Pendular reflexes are not brisk but they involve less damping of the limb movement than is usually observed when a deep tendon reflex is elicited. Patients with cerebellar injury may have a knee jerk that swings forwards and backwards several times.
What is the best method of eliciting Pendular reflexes?
Method of elicitation. Pendular reflexes are best observed when the patient’s lower legs are allowed to hang and swing freelly off the end of an examining table. Pendular reflexes are not brisk but they involve less damping of the limb movement than is usually observed when a deep tendon reflex is elicited.
What are the characteristics of peduncular hallucinosis?
The hallucinations are normally colorful, vivid images that occur during wakefulness, predominantly at night. Lilliputian hallucinations (also called Alice in Wonderland syndrome), hallucinations in which people or animals appear smaller than they would be in real life, are common in cases of peduncular hallucinosis.