What is indophenol blue method?
What is indophenol blue method?
The indophenol method for determining ammonia in water samples is based on the formation of an indophenol blue pigment during the reaction of phenol and hypochlorite in the presence of ammonia. In alkaline medium (pH = 8–11.5) a chloramine is first produced.
How do you test for ammonia in water?
Summary. A simple colorimetric method is described for the determination of ammonia in water at the ppm level. Indophenol blue color is produced in an alkaline borate medium using phenol and hypo-chlorite as reagents. Comparison of color intensity is carried out by means of test tubes.
How do you make indophenol solution?
Fun Fact: You can make an indophenol solution by mixing 0.5 g of indophenol powder with 1 cup of water.
What is indophenol used for?
Indophenol is used in hair dyes, lubricants, redox materials, liquid crystal displays, fuel cells and chemical-mechanical polishing. It is an environmental pollutant and is toxic to fish.
What is the action of ammonia on Nessler’s reagent?
The Ammonia gas turns colourless Nessler’s solution or reagent( a slightly alkaline solution of potassium mercuric iodide made by adding KOH) brown. When Nessler’s reagent is added to any salt containing Ammonia, the solution turns brown.
How does ammonia reacts with Nessler’s reagent?
Nessler’s reagent11 is a solution containing K2HgI4 and KOH. Iodide and mercury ions react with ammonia under alkaline conditions to produce a reddish‐brown complex, which absorbs strongly at 420 nm (Equation (1)).
What is ammonia tester?
The API® AMMONIA TEST KIT measures ammonia to help prevent fish loss, as ammonia is the number one stressor and killer of tropical fish. Ammonia is released into an aquarium in the forms of uneaten food, decaying organic matter, and when fish release it through their gills, urine, and solid waste.
How do you test for ammonia solution?
Ammonium ions can be identified in a solution by adding dilute sodium hydroxide solution and gently heating. If ammonium ions are present, they will be converted to ammonia gas. Ammonia has a characteristic choking smell. It also turns damp red litmus paper or damp universal indicator paper blue.
What is indophenol method of determination of ammonia in atmosphere?
Indophenol method Determination of Ammonia in the Atmosphere (Indophenol Method) 1. Principle of the Method 1.1 Ammonia in the atmosphere is collected by bubbling a measured volume of air through a dilute solution of Sulfuric Acid to form ammonium sulfate.
What is the method of collecting ammonia in the atmosphere?
Principle of the Method 1.1 Ammonia in the atmosphere is collected by bubbling a measured volume of air through a dilute solution of Sulfuric Acid to form ammonium sulfate. 1.2 The ammonium sulfate formed in the sample is analyzed colorimetrically by reaction with phenol and alkaline sodium hypochlorite to produce indophenol, a blue dye.
How do phenol and hypochlorite react with ammonia?
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD 2.1 The sample is buffered at a pH of 9.5 with a borate buffer in order to decrease hydrolysis of cyanates and organic nitrogen compounds, and is distilled into a solution of boric acid. Alkaline phenol and hypochlorite react with ammonia to form indophenol blue that is proportional to the ammonia concentration.
How do you make ammonia stock solution?
3. 6.5 Ammonia Standard solution: Ammonia stock solution. Dissolve 3.18 g of NH4CL or 3.88 g of (NH4)2SO4 in 1 L of distilled water (1 mL equal to 1mg NH3). Add a drop of CHCl3 for better preservation. The solution is stable for 2 months.