The NLRP3 inflammasome comprises the sensor molecule NLRP3, the adaptor protein ASC, and pro-caspase-1. NLRC4 contains only a CARD domain, which recruits pro-caspase-1 directly in the absence of ASC to form NLRC4 inflammasome3.
What are Inflammasome inhibitors?
Inhibitors targeting inflammasome pathways. Inflammasomes are multiprotein platforms that induce a complex signaling cascade resulting in the activation of inflammatory caspases (caspase-1 and caspase 11-4/5).
What is the role of inflammasome?
The inflammasomes are innate immune system receptors/sensors that regulate the activation of caspase-1 and induce inflammation in response to infectious microbes and molecules derived from host proteins. It has been implicated in a host of inflammatory disorders.
What does NLRP3 stand for?
NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) (previously known as NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 [NALP3] and cryopyrin), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP3 gene located on the long arm of chromosome 1.
What is the purpose of inflammasome?
What is the function of NLRP3?
Normal Function The NLRP3 gene provides instructions for making a protein called cryopyrin. Cryopyrin is a member of a family of proteins called intracellular “NOD-like” receptor (NLR) proteins. Cryopyrin is found mainly in white blood cells and in cartilage-forming cells (chondrocytes).
What is inflammasome in immunology?
Inflammasomes are cytosolic multiprotein oligomers of the innate immune system responsible for the activation of inflammatory responses.
What are inflammasome disorders?
Inflammasome dysregulation drives pathology in a wide variety of human diseases (e.g. septic shock, gout, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, various cancers). We seek to understand the mechanisms by which inflammasomes drive human diseases, and use this knowledge to develop new inflammasome inhibitors.
What is the meaning of inflammasome?
Inflammasomes are cytosolic multiprotein oligomers of the innate immune system responsible for the activation of inflammatory responses. Traditionally, inflammasomes have mainly been studied in professional immune cells of the innate immune system, such as macrophages.
Which cells express NLRP3 inflammasome?
NLRP3 inflammasome is expressed by innate immune cells, mainly macrophages, and its activation requires two distinct signals. The first signal is mediated by the TLR-NF-κB pathway and results in an increase of the cellular contents of the pro-IL-1β and NLRP3 inflammasome.
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